The cent account has a minimum deposit of €10 with spreads starting at one pip. These Are Usually Also Processed In The Same Business Day. Overall, FBS provides a limited range of funding methods, is not transparent about the fees on deposits and withdrawals are expensive. 1/5. Go to the “Finances” page; Click on “Withdrawal”; Choose the payment system you need; Please, kindly take into consideration that you can withdraw via those payment systems which have been used for the. Find out FBS’s deposit and withdrawal methods. Exness offers these to allow traders to make quick deposits and same-day withdrawals through certain payment methods. FBS Overview . The account opening process is fast and simple, while deposits and withdrawals are free of charge and user-friendly. 👉 Overall, FBS is the best broker with a minimum deposit of $5 or less in Kenya. ECN account holders pay $6 commissions per lot and zero-spread account holders pay $20 commissions per lot. ) To avoid penalties, you will. In other words, margin is the equity an investor has in their brokerage account. FBS no deposit bonus offers $70 risk-free amount in Personal Area and $140 in the Personal Area app to kick-start FREE NO DEPOSIT BONUS FBS – Start Forex trading in the easiest way without any depositing. 5 pips: Commission: Zero-commission trading: Leverage: 1:3000: Open positions: Max 200: Order volumes: from 0. Distribution of Traders; FBS Regulation and Safety of Funds; FBS Account Types and Features. ThinkMarkets – Award-Winning Low deposit Broker. OctaFX 2. Deposit and withdrawal in 200+ ways. Withdrawals from FBS are also free and, in most cases, take 15-20 minutes, except for bank wire, which takes 48 hours to process. pk. With FBS’s high leverage, you can start trading with a few dollars. The minimum deposit amount, in general, is $5, except for the “Pro” account type. Exness Review 6. In general, FBS is a good company to work with. With a welcoming approach, FBS keeps its minimum deposit threshold relatively low, enabling traders of varied financial capabilities to engage. . 👉 Tickmill offers instant internet banking deposit methods and quick bank transfer withdrawals. 2. 3 for STICPAY, 1% plus $0. FBS have no charges for deposits and withdrawals, even when using a bank wire. Select a Payment Method. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. FBS deposits are instant, and withdrawals take only a few hours - unlike some competitors who require up to 24 hours for processing withdrawals. Margin trading means borrowing money from a broker in order to buy and sell securities. The minimum deposit amount varies with the type of Account and lies between USD 1 and USD 1000. FBS withdrawal methods within Europe are typically fee-free. FBS Deposits & Withdrawals. BDSwiss Review 7. You will be forwarded to the payment system page: You can see the status of your deposit transaction. Forextime 6. SuperForex – Best Islamic Account for Muslim Traders. FBS clients can withdraw profits via the same methods that are available for deposits. However, there may be minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts, which can vary based on the chosen withdrawal method and account type. Forex. The method is simple, so you traders can withdraw their funds easily. com review or Go. The main advantage of this payment system over the others is that Exchangers offer various ways to deposit and withdraw funds, including bank wire, mobile money, USSD, Local ATM, and others (depending on the specific Exchanger). The spreads depend on the account type and start at -1. Withdrawals: Consistency is maintained as withdrawals are enabled through the aforementioned payment mediums, ensuring seamless transactions for users. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. FBS Deposit and Withdrawal; FBS Customer Reviews; FBS Pros and Cons; Conclusion; Frequently Asked Questions . FBS South Africa is available in 150 countries including South Africa and allows deposits and withdrawals from and to banks across the country. FBS provides a wide variety of convenient deposit and withdrawal methods, such as local banks of Pakistan, which allow you to perform a smooth and fast deposit in just a few simple steps. Once traders have submitted their withdrawal request, the FBS financial department will process the withdrawal in the order that it was received. InstaForex – Best Micro Trader Account. Score: 3. FBS-Overview of Minimum Deposit, Spreads & Leverage. ️ Neteller – 2% with a minimum of $1 and a maximum of $30. Low withdrawal fee. If you didn't receive your funds within this period, you can contact us in chat or via e-mail and request withdrawal confirmation. Learn how to calculate and manage your required minimum distributions (RMDs) from your retirement accounts with Fidelity's digital guide. XM Forex – Demo account with $100,000 of virtual balance. 5% of the withdrawal – at most $30, for Neteller and 1% of the withdrawal plus $0. 2000 & the deposit time is instant. This minimum margin serves as a cushion of sorts in case your positions don’t close as planned. ). The RMD rules also apply to traditional IRAs and IRA-based plans such as SEPs, SARSEPs, and SIMPLE IRAs. Minimum Deposit For Deriv Broker – Currency and Regulation. The Cent account is suitable for beginners as it requires a minimum deposit of just $1 and allows you to trade with smaller lot sizes. InstaForex – Best Micro Trader Account. Tickmill 7. Also, let us remind you that you can try. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. As of 2023, the RMDs age is 73 if you turn 72 after Dec. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. com. There is also an initial minimum deposit fee of $1 / R 16 ZAR subject to the account you choose. The commission is $0. 76. XM 5. If your withdrawal request via the electronic payment system was declined with the comment "Please confirm that your e-wallet is under your name or contact FBS Customer Support," this means that you need to confirm that your e-wallet is verified and belongs to you. Review of the deposit and withdrawal with FBS Broker. . Minimum deposits on FBS varies with account type and entity under which the trader opened the account. Minimum BTC Withdrawal on FBS. 0809217 and maximum is. VPS. How can I withdraw? Why was my withdrawal request rejected? Why was my withdrawal amount reduced? See all 10 articles DepositFBS. FP Markets. FBS is an STP broker. Today, FBS is an international brand present in over 150 countries. No inactivity fee is charged from traders. As shown previously in the commission and fees, there are withdrawal fees. . As for which financial platforms you can use for withdrawals, FBS supports:FBS. The brand unites several companies. These vary by. On our standard account the minimum deposit amount is just $1 because we want you to have maximum freedom in your decision how much money to deposit at any given time. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. It is a brand managed by FBS market Inc. Table of Contents Hide Main FeaturesA Look at FBSAccount TypesStandard. The FBS withdrawal process is a DIY process, and if it proves confusing, the website has a good FAQ section to help walk the traders through it. Perlu diketahui bahwa meskipun minimal withdrawal di FBS sebesar $1, ada beberapa metode pembayaran yang mungkin memiliki jumlah minimal yang lebih tinggi. It has low trading and non-trading fees, account opening is a breeze and there is no minimum deposit required. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. To withdraw funds, you can use either local exchangers or payment systems: Visa, PerfectMoney, Skrill, and others. com, FBS Brokers is an online trading platform that provides it members the best customer experience, it also give members with it’s training materials that will make you succeed in the trading institution, cutting-edge trading technologies and latest strategies on the Forex market. To make a deposit, please follow these steps: Sticpay traders pay a 2. Any amount deposited in other currencies gets automatically converted to USD or EUR (base. To do that, send us a screenshot from your e-wallet settings page where we can see. FBS withdrawal fees is ($0. Fbs withdrawal fees MT5 strives to replace MT4 but fails to do so, not because it’s inferior but because most brokers nowadays use MT4 as the default terminal. FBS Minimum Deposit & Withdrawal Guide 2022. Alpari. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. including its pros and cons, and ratings. ” Choose a suitable payment system and click on it. 3. FBS Deposit and Withdrawal Methods. 2 pips; Minimum deposit: variable; Trading platforms on offer:. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. Deposit and Withdrawal Fees: FBS does not charge for making deposits or withdrawals. Does FBS charge withdrawal fees? Yes. In addition, when withdrawing funds, Kenyans can expect the following withdrawal fees: Credit Card – $1 commission. FBS Fees, Spreads, and Commission. The minimum deposit amount required. FBS provides opportunities for trading Forex, stocks, metals, energies, and indices. There is no minimum investment to open an account;Additional address: Office 267, Irene Court, Corner Rigenas and 28th October street, Agia Triada, 3035, Limassol, Cyprus. Please, kindly consider, that the Financial Department of the company usually processes the clients’ withdrawal requests on a first-come, first-served basis. Before making a minimum deposit with Deriv, or any other trading platform for that matter, one of the first priorities should always be the safety and security level. These vary by. XM – Best Online Trading Experience. 👉 The distribution of traders with FBS is as follows: ️️ Malaysia – 9. FBS Cent Account; FBS Micro Account; FBS Standard. ️️ India – 9% Both deposits and withdrawals on FBS are easy and fast. SuperForex – Best Islamic Account for Muslim Traders. For each withdrawal, the FBS fee is $1. As seen in the FBS forex review, you can deposit funds into your account via credit card, debit card, Neteller, PerfectMoney, Skrill, Sticpay, and many more. Also, let us remind you that you can try. You will see a list of available bonuses. Thus, the funds should be withdrawn back to the same wallet address you made the first withdrawal to. Only cards from Visa, Mastercard, and Maestro can be used. 5. Now you have $140 in your account balance. It could take the bank anywhere from five to. FBS was founded in 2009. Rules of Fund Withdrawals in case of credit and debit cards. Choose “Withdrawal. Top 10 African Brokers. On the negative side, FBS has a limited product portfolio covering only CFDs. See full list on investingoal. Neteller – 2% with a minimum of $1 and a maximum of $30. So FBS charges $1 for one withdrawal attempt using a credit card. Axiory 4. 5. FBS. For example: Neteller: 10 USD; Skrill: 12 USD; Perfect Money: 5 USD. Click on "finances" in the menu on top of the page . What is the minimum withdrawal for FBS? The minimum withdrawal amount depends upon the payment method that you will choose. Alpari International – Greate for a lowest minimum deposit. Though the fees are low, they can also affect a trader’s trading experience. Yang tersedia antara lain adalah bank card, wire transfer, Skrill, Neteller, Rapid Transfer, STICPAY,. FBS offers a variety of convenient and secure payment methods for deposits and withdrawals,. Connect the level up account to your Facebook. Select the trading account you would like to top up, enter the deposit amount, and click on Continue. Deposits and Withdrawals. Go to the Withdrawal page on the website or the Finances section of the FBS Personal Area. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. FBS – Excellent Educational Resources. Enter the needed information for the transaction;Legal: This website is operated by Trading Point of Financial Instruments Limited, registration number HE251334, with registered address at 12 Richard & Verengaria Street, Araouzos Castle Court, 3rd Floor, 3042 Limassol, Cyprus. The FBS CFD trading platform was founded in 2009 by investors who were interested in trading research and technical analysis. Top 10 European Brokers. Withdrawals at FBS are commission-based for every method. Credit/debit cards - $0, OctaFX minimum withdrawal of $20 for Visa and $50 for MC. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. Risk Warning: Forex and CFD trading involves significant risk to your invested capital. In order to make. FBS typically allows traders to make fund withdrawals without strict limitations on the frequency of withdrawals. . The amount over the initial deposit (profit) can be withdrawn to other. Search. When it comes to online trading, one of the key things you need to consider is the minimum deposit required by your broker. Fbs standard minimum deposit. Risk Warning: Your capital is at risk. To do it: Go to the “Finances” page; Click on “Withdrawal”; Choose the payment system you need; Please, kindly take into consideration that you can withdraw via those payment systems which have been used for the deposit. 3. The Micro account requires a minimum deposit of $5 and offers tighter spreads. 8 Best Ugandan Forex Brokers with a Minimum 1 USD Deposit (2023) Admirals – Overall, the Best Minimum 1 USD Deposit Education for Ugandan. FBS’s client portal will be the base platform to manage your accounts, funds and personal information. Admirals – Overall, Best Minimum 1 USD Deposit Education for Nigerians. Com – Best for advanced tools & charts. Fee/Tax on withdrawal: Minimum withdrawal: GT-Trader : Not specified: Not. iForex – Great for one-click deal execution. Deposit and withdrawal fees forbitspace (FBS) are detected and compared by the exchange prices as follows: - Exchange MEXC has the lowest withdrawal fee. Most traders open Unlimited Account at FBS. Withdrawals at FBS are commission-based for every method. XM Forex – Demo account with $100,000 of virtual balance. Follow the steps below to make a deposit: Use the QR code to see the wallet of your trading account, or simply copy the address: Important! There is a set minimum amount for crypto deposit. You can add money to the live MT5 or demo MT5 account. Withdrawals: Consistency is maintained as withdrawals are enabled through the aforementioned payment mediums, ensuring seamless transactions for users. Choose the most comfortable payment method! Frequently asked questions How can I withdraw money from my account?If an account was funded via debit or credit card, a card copy is required to process a withdrawal. Deposit with GCash. FBS bonus 100 terms and conditions: Bonus is available on the MT5 platform only. FBS MT4 (MetaTrader4) and MT5 (MetaTrader5) will be the base platforms to manage orders, monitor the markets and analyse the trends. Kindly note that if you have open orders while making a withdrawal request, your request will be automatically rejected with the comment " Insufficient funds . Easy Markets. 10 Best Forex Brokers with a Low Minimum Deposit (2023) CMC Markets – Overall, Best Low Minimum Deposit Forex Broker. Minimum withdrawal: Bitindex Capital : Not specified: Not specified: Not specified: UK regulated brokers: No: No: No: EU regulated brokers: No: No: No: AU regulated brokers: No: No: No: US regulated brokers: No: No: No: Since Bitindex Capital does not provide proper legal. Withdrawals are usually. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. 5 pips, the initial deposit minimum is $100, and leverage is available up to 1:3000. Minimum deposit awal: $1: Mata Uang Akun: Beberapa, termasuk USD dan EUR: Leverage: Hingga 1:3000: Lot Minimum: 0,01:. FBS MT4 (MetaTrader4) and MT5 (MetaTrader5) will be the base platforms to manage orders, monitor the markets and analyse the trends. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. Additionally, it provides various deposit and withdrawal methods as well as 24-hour support. Avatrade 3. Find out FBS’s deposit and withdrawal methods. Once your account is funded, you can start trading. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. A must-read FBS Review dedicated for Rwandan traders. ADDITIONAL FEES AND TAXES. . Open a Standard account and start trading with FBS. Fulfill the above conditions within 50 days from the moment of getting the bonus. Is FBS a South African broker? FBS is not a South African broker, does not have a license in South Africa, but accepts South African clients, as the regulatory environment has no restrictions on international brokers. Withdraw fbs. However, FBS charges extremely high withdrawal fees and only offers accounts denominated in USD and EUR. But this means that for the same amount you could open a trading account with an established and duly licensed forex broker. 5 to 3 pips, and commission-free trading depending on the account you select. Also, let us remind you that you can try. In the EU, FBS is operated by Tradestone Ltd and regulated by the Cyprus Securit. The FBS minimum deposit is: $1 for cent account or crypto account; $5 for micro account; $100 for standard account; $500 for zero spread account; $1,000 for ECN account; You. FBS adalah platform trading tepercaya dan terbaik bagi trader Indonesia dan salah satu broker forex terbesar 2023. 4. The minimum deposit amount required. 11 Best Forex Brokers in India 2023. FBS – Best for highest leverage. Step 1: Create an FBS. FBS supports many payment systems for the traders’ convenience. . Of note, FBS does charge a commission on deposits and withdrawals of 2%, which is slightly above the average in South Africa. FBS was founded in 2009, and is regulated in top-tier jurisdictions. The platform can be accessed on windows, android and apple devices, including mobile and tablet. 01 lots. The order volume is 0. Specify information about your e-wallet or payment system account. 1st Place Visit Broker 2nd Place Visit Broker 3rd Place Visit Broker 4th Place Visit Broker 5th Place Visit Broker FBS Minimum Deposit The minimum deposit amount required to. Also, let us remind you that you can try. What Is the FBS Deposit Bonus? The 100% deposit bonus is a great deal. Exness 2. Click on the Double your bonus button. . Coinflex Trading Withdrawal requirementsYou’ll be able to simultaneously place 5 orders and the minimum of 5 trades should be placed within 30 active trading days for you to qualify for bonus withdrawals. Also, let us remind you that you can try. FBS’s withdrawal options are limited, and traders may incur fees for certain withdrawal methods. Life Insurance & Long Term Care Planning. Some payment methods require a transaction fee when you withdraw funds without trading. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. In the Deposit section of your Personal Area, select GCash. Electronic payment systems withdrawals (like Skrill, Perfect Money, etc. In fact, in most cases, withdrawal requests are processed within 15-20 minutes – irrespective of the payment method being used. View all the pros and cons including fees, minimum deposit, sign-up bonus and more. FBS Nigeria educationSure, you can! Suppose the currency of the payment method you’re withdrawing to differs from the currency of an FBS account. Find an advisor. Choose “Withdrawal. 31, 2022, the RMDs age is 72. FBS Features. 3 commissions. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. Please note that you must verify your account to request a withdrawal. Broker Search. Watch List. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. Alpari – Well-Regulated Low Minimum Deposit Broker. We would like to. Select the "Withdrawals" option. If your withdrawal request via the cryptocurrency was declined with the comment "Please contact support@fbs. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. Global Fxlive Trade requires a minimum investment of 300 USD. Therefore, if the strategy is tested and a trader follows the algorithm accurately, they has a high chance to succeed. Com – Best for advanced tools & charts. FBS is a regulated brokerage offering online trading on a limited amount of Forex and CFDs via the MetaTrader platforms. Now submit your FBS Account Number. FBS – Best Broker for Crypto Trading in Nigeria. ”. Deposit and withdrawal. WITHDRAWAL: WITHDRAWAL TIME: MINIMUM WITHDRAWAL: WITHDRAWAL FEE: Visa: Instant: EUR, USD: 0: Y: 15-20 mins (max 2 days) 1 USD: 1 USD: Neteller: Instant: EUR, USD: 0: Y: 15. FBS to provide their Forex/CFD trading services to over 4 million clients. You can withdraw funds from your FBS Personal Area in few clicks. Article is closed for comments. First, Log in to the TradingView trading account you have with a broker. Investors can then profile. Deposits via electronic payment systems are processed instantly. Top-3 forex bonusesFirst time traders are eligible for a $140 USD / R2240 ZAR FBS sign-up bonus at the current exchange rate between the US Dollar and South African Rand. FBS entered the trading market in. 5% for PerfectMoney, while bank transfer withdrawal charges can be seen when you are about to withdraw on the portal, based on the amount. Your capital is at risk. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. Low Minimum Deposit: FBS accounts cater to various budgets with low minimum deposit requirements, with Cent account offering to trade starting at just $1. Also, let us remind you that you can try. All trading styles are permitted including EA/Robots, Scalping, and News Spike Trading. It offers low minimum deposits and micro-lot trading on its entry-level accounts and low spreads on accounts with higher minimum deposits. HYCM – One of the oldest. You will need to withdraw back to this card $10 + withdrawal fee, $20 + withdrawal fee, then $30 + withdrawal fee. You can withdraw funds from your FBS Trader account in a few clicks. Kwakol Markets – Best VIP Account for Professional Nigerian Traders. For example: Perfect Money: 5 USD. 2. This review of FBS will examine the fees, trading instruments, account opening process, customer support, deposit/withdrawal options and trading platforms offered by the broker. Trading with FBS involves fees from $6 USD, spreads from 0. HFM 4. You can withdraw funds from your FBS Personal Area in few clicks. Kwakol Markets – Best VIP Account for. An account with low spreads usually incurs one commission per lot traded. Start Trading. 4. Good customizability (for charts, workspace) Cons. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. FBS accounts allow you to invest in mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), stocks, bonds, college savings plans and insurance products, among others. But you can see how it works by trading with the Demo account or try our Level Up bonus. Designated Roth accounts in a 401 (k) or 403 (b) plan are subject to the RMD rules for 2022 and 2023. PerfectMoney transfers are charged $0. There are more than 250 instruments to choose from, along with a variety of optimized account types and platforms. Data protection. Visit Site. FBS BROKER REVIEW 2022. TU uses its own evaluation method, assessing each block separately. You need to ensure that. Key findings; Find out more about FBS top features, pros and cons, regulatory information and pricing. The minimum amount you can deposit at FBS with Mpesa is 350 KES. . IG is our pick for the best forex broker that allows users to make deposits and withdrawals with PayPal. Wide range of. How long does it take to withdraw my funds? I deposited via card. The minimum trade size offered by FBS is 0. Bank Transfers May Apply Some Fees And Usually Take 48 Hours To Process. This means that if a client makes a deposit to their account using Payment Method 1, and after that uses Payment Method 2 for a deposit, to make a withdrawal, the whole sum of deposit made via Payment Method 2 should be withdrawn first (all at once or in parts) through Payment Method 2, and only after that, the withdrawal can be made to Payment. 2 LTC; Bitcoin Cash: 0. by BT Team. This equity is used as collateral for trading with bigger capital. However, your bank might charge a fee for a wire transfer. How to withdraw the money you earned with FBS? The procedure is very straightforward. When it comes to online trading, one of the key things you need to consider is the minimum deposit required by your broker. Both recommended minimum deposit and balance for the “Pro” account type is 200$. For each transaction made in the cryptocurrency network, the user must pay a commission. Also, let us remind you that you can try. Withdrawals. How can I withdraw? Why was my withdrawal request rejected? Why was my withdrawal amount reduced? Can I still withdraw if I have open positions? Can I withdraw funds in. FBS menyediakan berbagai cara penarikan atau withdrawal serta deposit uang. FBS Fees are ranked good with an overall rating of 8 out of 10 based on our testing and compared to over 500 other brokers. The spreads too are very competitive starting from just 1 pip with very fast order execution. FBS Withdrawal Method. Withdrawals are usually. VISA withdrawals may take 5-7 days to reflect the amount in your bank account. Specify the trading account you want to withdraw from. The maximum leverage on forex pairs is 3000:1. This amount is equivalent to R16. The address may change; however, you can use only one address to receive funds. Axi – User-Friendly Low Deposit Options. Choose how to transfer. Internet Banking: For South African traders, net banking is the most convenient way to make a deposit or withdrawal. FBS Financial department works 24/7. You can withdraw funds from your FBS Trader account in few clicks. (If you turned 72 on or before Dec. . Deposit and withdrawals. Once the address is generated, it never vanishes. Withdrawals from FBS are also free and typically take 15 to 20 minutes to process, except for bank wires, which can take up to 48 hours. 2, minimum deposit is $500. FBS Inc requires a minimum deposit of 1 GBP/USD/EUR when opening an FBS Inc trading account. Have at least 5 lots traded during 30 active trading days. However, this only applies to 'Crypto' accounts. FBS charges a minimum deposit amount of 1 USD. FBS is an STP broker. How to Withdraw Money from FBS: Step-by-Step Tutorial. Depending on the account type, the minimum deposit can range from $1 to $1000. This broker has also been regulated by ASIC, 426359, CySEC, 331/17, FSCA (South Africa), 50885, Belize Financial Service Commission. Bank wire transfers take 7-10 business days to complete. . Deposit and withdrawals choices for clients of FBS include VISA, MasterCard, Local Exchangers, Neteller, PerfectMoney, Skrill, and SticPay. Deposit Can I start trading without any investment? Please, kindly be informed that the deposit is required for real accounts. Also, let us remind you that you can try our demo contest FBS League: by participati. 3 commissionE-wallet withdrawals are charged a commission of 2. After that, you will be able to transfer funds from the existing account to the newly opened one via Internal Transfer in the. How to use FBS? Register at fbs. com - Low forex fees. The minimum amount to deposit varies based on the type of account and can range from USD 1 to USD 1000. Forex Minimum deposit. FBS | 2022-03-02 14:46. You can withdraw the amount within your free margin limits. IG is our pick for the best forex broker that allows users to make deposits and withdrawals with PayPal. Visa and MasterCard are the two largest.